Antibacterial Activity and Characterization of Chitosan Nanoparticles Prepared from Hijau Lumut Banana ( <i>Musa paradisiaca</i> L.) Peel Ethyl Acetate Extract

Peels of Hijau lumut banana (HLB) (Musa paradisiaca L.) are a form organic waste that has not been widely utilized. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity ethyl acetate extract HLB peels and their nanoparticles at various concentrations chitosan against Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli. It also aimed characterize most active nanoparticles. Extraction carried out by maceration partitioning methods. Ionic gelation applied synthesize using crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP). Antibacterial assay agar diffusion well method. The were characterized following analyses: determination size distribution zeta potential particle analyzer, morphology scanning electron microscopy transmission microscopy, phytochemical screening secondary metabolite contents, retention factor values staining patterns thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry confirm nanoparticle formation, characteristics functional groups Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. showed exhibited stronger than extract, concentration 1% being associated highest activity. In terms morphology, amorphous (non-uniform), while they absorbed UV–Vis 385 nm had groups: —OH, —NH, —CH, P—O. revealed these exert effects metabolites encapsulated via crosslinking between NaTPP.